X Recommendation Algorithm Manipulated via Security Flaw and Bot Networks in Turkey
A Turkish report reportedly alleged that a security vulnerability in X's recommendation algorithm was exploited via coordinated bot networks to suppress visibility of accounts aligned with the Cumhur İttifakı political alliance while promoting opposition content in what is described as 'shadow banning'.
What happened
A report reportedly found that a security flaw (CVE-2023-29218) in X's open-source recommendation algorithm disclosed in 2023 was being exploited via coordinated bot networks to manipulate content visibility.
According to the report, bot accounts were used to follow and then mass-unfollow targeted accounts, followed by coordinated complaint, muting, and blocking processes to reduce algorithmic visibility in what is known as 'shadow banning'.
Reported impact
The report alleged that accounts associated with the Cumhur İttifakı political alliance were made invisible while opposition content was algorithmically promoted.
The operation reportedly targeted Turkey's digital sovereignty and information networks.
Index analysis
The security flaw in X's recommendation algorithm was identified as playing a critical role in enabling the manipulation.
Classification
Sources and evidence
This record was researched and written by the Index, based on the following original reporting.