National AI Strategy 2.0
Singapore · Strategy · Government of Singapore
Our summary
Singapore's strategic vision and plan to advance artificial intelligence development and deployment as a force for public good domestically and globally. The strategy outlines initiatives to build a thriving AI ecosystem, develop workforce capabilities, provide computing infrastructure, and establish a trusted environment for responsible innovation. It emphasizes three shifts from the previous strategy: prioritizing AI knowledge as essential rather than optional, expanding from domestic to global ambitions, and moving from isolated projects to integrated systems across the economy and society.
Written by the Index in our own words. It is not legal advice; the official text is the authority.
Inside this policy
Every section of this policy in order. Our notes summarise each one in plain language and do not quote the official text, which is the authority.
Drafted by the Index An automated summary of the official text, not yet reviewed by a person.Reviewed Checked by a person against the official text.
58 sections
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System 1 system 2 system 3
Foreword |
Singapore commits to realizing AI benefits and creating new opportunities through this strategy, aiming for AI to serve the public good domestically and globally. The strategy plans to build a thriving ecosystem, develop workforce capabilities, provide infrastructure, and establish a trusted environment for users and innovators.
Lawrence wong
Introduction |
Generative AI and other recent breakthroughs have made AI widely accessible and mainstream, raising important questions for governments about risks and responsibilities. AI applies across sectors including language understanding, perception, recommendation systems, and content generation.
| introduction
The strategy holds that AI can transform cognitive and physical work to create opportunities and better employment, while also posing risks through potential misuse in scams, cyberattacks, and disinformation. Singapore must invest in AI to overcome economic challenges and manage risks of AI abuse.
Introduction |
Singapore previously launched a National AI Strategy in 2019, committed over S$500 million to AI research through established programs, and developed governance frameworks including a testing toolkit made publicly available.
| introduction
Singapore ranks among top 10 globally for AI, hosts numerous research faculty, development teams, and startups, deploys AI in public services like education and healthcare, and actively participates in international AI governance discussions and initiatives.
Introduction |
AI is now more capable and accessible, creating both greater benefits and new safety concerns, while AI talent and resources remain concentrated in few countries and companies. Singapore must compete globally for AI investments and talent as other countries expand their AI efforts.
| introduction
The strategy shifts from treating AI as optional to essential knowledge, from local to global ambition, and from individual projects to integrated systems. This requires both technical experts and informed users, global collaboration on complex challenges, and coordinated ecosystem approaches across stakeholders.
Introduction |
Singapore possesses advantages as a trusted global partner with a business-friendly environment, capable workforce, and proven economic transformation record, positioning it to develop AI as a positive force generating economic opportunities and societal benefits.
National AI strategy 2.0 |
The strategy aims for AI to address global challenges like population health and climate change while empowering all groups, pursuing twin goals of excellence through selective development of AI expertise and empowerment through building confidence and capabilities across individuals, businesses, and communities.
| national AI strategy 2.0
The strategy aims to achieve its vision through three systems: Activity Drivers using industry, government, and research; People and Communities focusing on talent and workforce capabilities; and Infrastructure and Environment providing computing resources and a trusted setting for innovation. It outlines 15 actions Singapore will take over the next 3-5 years to support AI development across these systems and enablers.
National AI strategy 2.0 | system 1: activity drivers | system 1
This section describes how industry, government, and research institutions drive AI activity from foundational research to commercial deployment. Singapore will encourage greater experimentation and collaboration among these actors on impactful challenges to strengthen the broader AI ecosystem.
| system 1: activity drivers
Singapore will promote AI development in leading economic sectors like manufacturing and financial services, and in smart nation priorities including healthcare and education. It will also invest in cross-cutting areas such as AI for business operations, AI for scientific research, and foundational AI themes focusing on reasoning, resource-efficiency, and trustworthiness.
System 1: activity drivers |
| system 1: activity drivers enabler 1
Singapore's enterprises and industries need to develop and adopt transformative AI innovations that leverage the complete technology stack, not just applications. The government will provide targeted incentives, resources, regulatory frameworks, and support for sector-specific approaches to enable companies to create sophisticated AI capabilities and value.
System 1: activity drivers |
Singapore will establish Centres of Excellence in leading-edge companies and sophisticated users to develop AI capabilities across the full technology stack including intellectual property and products. The government will also explore creating Sectoral AI Centres that work with industry leaders to identify use cases and engage a broader ecosystem of researchers and companies.
| system 1: activity drivers
System 1: activity drivers |
Singapore will strengthen its AI start-up ecosystem by attracting venture builders and accelerator programmes led by technology companies and venture capital firms. These programmes will provide capital, technical expertise, infrastructure, and networks to enable rapid AI experimentation and nurture globally-oriented AI innovators.
| system 1: activity drivers enabler 2
The government will leverage AI to improve public service delivery and recognizes that government adoption of AI creates lead demand for commercial tools, demonstrates AI benefits to the broader economy, and encourages private sector investment and adoption.
System 1: activity drivers |
The government will develop and integrate AI-enabled products to meet general and specialized needs, promote widespread use of AI among public officers, and collaborate with industry and the public to identify use cases and solve operational challenges through structured innovation programmes.
| system 1: activity drivers
Government agencies will adopt AI to create new value for citizens and businesses through sector-specific strategies in priority domains and government-wide functional areas. Agencies will receive central funding, data sharing support, computing resources, and policy guidance, while all public officers will receive training to build AI skills across different roles.
System 1: activity drivers | enabler 3
Singapore aims to develop a strong research community to enhance the AI ecosystem and attract top talent and investors. Research breakthroughs can lead to commercial products for use by companies and government agencies, and establish a lasting competitive advantage in AI through selective excellence in key areas.
| system 1: activity drivers
Singapore will update its national AI research and development strategy by prioritizing selective research areas, fostering collaboration between academic and industry partners, strengthening talent recruitment, securing computing access, and expanding international research partnerships.
System 1: activity drivers |
The 100 Experiments programme run by AISG matches industrial firms facing AI challenges with academic researchers to jointly create tailored solutions, offering co-funding up to S$330,000 per initiative. Participating organizations across various industries have successfully deployed resulting AI applications, such as diagnostic tools for medical imaging and language-specific systems for entertainment.
| system 1: activity drivers
Singapore will recruit top AI researchers, provide computing resources through GPUs for the research community, and expand international research partnerships through joint grant calls and training programmes to strengthen local capabilities.
System 1: activity drivers |
The inaugural Singapore Conference on AI convened local and international experts to identify critical research questions and problems in AI research, development, and deployment that would enable human and societal flourishing.
System 2: people & communities | system 2
Singapore aims to build tight-knit knowledge communities by attracting top AI talent, increasing technical workers with AI skills, developing a user base confident in applying AI systems, and fostering idea exchange within local and global networks.
| system 2: people & communities enabler 4
Singapore will expand the pool of AI Creators and Practitioners through increased recruitment, diversity, and pipeline development to support innovation, product development, and industry transformation.
System 2: people & communities |
Singapore will establish a dedicated team to identify and integrate world-class AI researchers and industry experts into the local ecosystem, and create attractive working arrangements such as hybrid roles and partnerships to deepen innovation activities.
| system 2: people & communities
Singapore will increase the number of trained AI practitioners through expanded apprenticeship programmes, pre-employment and continuing education training, and by welcoming global tech talent to work and contribute locally.
System 2: people & communities |
The TechSkills Accelerator is a government-industry collaborative initiative that trains workers in AI and data analytics through company-led and career conversion programmes, having placed over 2,700 individuals in employment.
| system 2: people & communities enabler 5
Organisations and workers need to develop AI competencies to increase productivity, reduce workplace disruption, and maintain competitiveness, with Singapore aiming to support this transition through enhanced policies and training.
System 2: people & communities |
Singapore will expand AI adoption among all businesses by providing assessment tools, foundational digital capabilities, and tailored support for more advanced implementations, using programmes like SMEs Go Digital and the Digital Leaders Programme.
| system 2: people & communities
Sector leads will develop targeted AI upskilling and reskilling initiatives for their industries by leveraging existing frameworks to identify required competencies and create appropriate training programmes.
System 2: people & communities |
Jobs Transformation Maps analyse how technology and automation affect specific sectors and job roles, and inform workforce planning and reskilling efforts, with ongoing studies examining generative AI's impact on employment.
| system 2: people & communities enabler 6
Singapore aims to create platforms and venues where AI talent can network and collaborate, building community identity and attracting global participation similar to established innovation hubs.
System 2: people & communities |
Singapore will establish a physical hub for AI professionals from academia, industry and nonprofits to connect, exchange ideas, and build community through purpose-designed collaborative spaces.
| system 2: people & communities raise.sg
RAISE.SG was an inaugural 2023 convening that brought together Singapore-linked AI professionals from various sectors to discuss the nation's AI development and connected them with the local AI community.
System 2: people & communities |
RAISE.SG participants recommended that the AI hub feature regular programming such as hackathons and networking events, with a digital layer for remote participation, and the Government committed to increasing AI community engagement activities.
System 3: infrastructure & environment | system 3
Successful AI development requires robust infrastructure including compute and data resources, a trusted environment for secure AI systems, and Singapore's participation in shaping international AI governance.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment enabler 7
This section explains that Singapore must develop reliable access to high-performance processors for artificial intelligence activities despite global competition and resource constraints. The government will allocate some processing capacity to research and public benefit projects while managing the environmental impact of supporting such infrastructure.
System 3: infrastructure & environment |
This action commits Singapore to securing greater processor capacity through partnerships with major technology suppliers and ensuring sufficient power for data facilities. The government will manage some processors itself for capability building and public benefit, while transitioning toward environmentally sustainable facilities.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment enabler 8
This section describes how artificial intelligence depends on access to quality datasets and notes that data availability has improved through open-source and commercial sources. Singapore should focus on improving dataset quality and responsible data use within trust frameworks, and make public datasets available for solving high-priority problems.
System 3: infrastructure & environment |
Singapore should support industry use of data for artificial intelligence while investing in security technologies that enable safe sharing. The government will also fund projects of public benefit that serve national priorities but lack commercial value.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment
This action requires Singapore to develop capabilities for storing, managing, and sharing data securely through advanced technologies. The government will support research into specific techniques like synthetic data, federated learning, and encryption, and enable companies to test these approaches through protected environments and regulatory support.
System 3: infrastructure & environment |
Singapore will make more government datasets accessible to artificial intelligence developers and creators for public benefit projects by establishing a service to help identify and facilitate access to datasets. The government may also help connect private sector entities and provide guidance on responsible cross-border data use.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment enabler 9
This section states that Singapore will establish governance and security frameworks for artificial intelligence development and deployment to protect user interests. The government will balance regulatory requirements with flexibility to accommodate ongoing innovation, and maintain agility as risks evolve.
System 3: infrastructure & environment |
This section identifies key risks including model quality issues and misuse of artificial intelligence systems, and emphasizes preventing discrimination, malicious use, and adversarial attacks. Singapore will use varied approaches from regulation to guidelines, and work with others to develop testing standards and benchmarks.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment
This action requires the government to regularly update artificial intelligence governance frameworks and clarify responsibilities across the supply chain. Singapore will support research and development in alignment and testing, establish protected testing environments, and work toward practical tools and industry standards for responsible artificial intelligence.
System 3: infrastructure & environment |
This action calls for tailored regulatory approaches based on different artificial intelligence use cases and their associated risks, supported by domestic testing and certification services. Singapore will coordinate governance across agencies, update relevant laws, and contribute to international discussions on artificial intelligence governance.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment
The Government will strengthen cybersecurity protections for all organizations deploying AI. In the near term, partners will update cybersecurity resources with AI-specific guidance; in the longer term, efforts will focus on sharing best practices, developing standards, and collaborating with industry through joint red teams and capacity building to enhance AI security across the ecosystem.
System 3: infrastructure & environment | enabler 10
AI has become a major focus of global competition among leading powers, and countries are still developing consensus on responsible AI development and deployment. International cooperation on AI governance remains in its early stages, though all nations recognize the importance of managing this technology responsibly.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment
Singapore will participate constructively in international forums to build shared understanding on AI governance, emphasizing that all countries must work together because AI's effects transcend borders. This engagement should be inclusive, involving stakeholders beyond leading AI developers, and should welcome contributions from industry-led efforts by major AI companies.
System 3: infrastructure & environment |
Singapore commits to being a dependable international partner by growing networks with partner countries and AI companies, and promoting its practical, risk-based approaches to AI governance and innovation. Singapore will leverage its global attention for early AI integration in key sectors and tools like AI Verify to position itself as a global leader on AI development and deployment.
| system 3: infrastructure & environment
Singapore will strengthen bilateral relationships with selected government and industry partners through technical cooperation, participate in multilateral platforms for inclusive and rules-based AI governance, and share its AI experience through capacity building initiatives, including through the Forum of Small States' 108 member countries.
Foss. system 3: infrastructure & environment |
Asia Tech x Singapore is a platform bringing together technology leaders and industry professionals to discuss technology trends and their intersection with economy and society. Its ATxAI track convenes experts and policy makers to discuss AI governance strategy and showcase real-world AI implementations.
A whole-of-nation movement |
Singapore's national AI strategy is designed as a global movement involving partnerships across the economy and society, aiming to drive economic growth and improve quality of life through AI while advancing the concept of AI for public benefit.
Controls
What this policy requires, forbids, grants or penalises, one control at a time and in our own words. Each control links to the official text, which is the authority. This is not legal advice.
Drafted by the Index Drafted automatically from the official text, not yet reviewed by a person.Reviewed Checked by a person against the official text.
Themes covered 16 of 35
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Risk and scope 3 of 4
- Impact assessment, not covered
Data and privacy 2 of 4
- Data subject rights and consent, not covered
- Copyright and training data, not covered
Transparency and records 1 of 4
- Transparency and disclosure to users, not covered
- Labelling of synthetic content, not covered
- Record keeping and logging, not covered
Technical safeguards 3 of 4
- Human oversight, not covered
Assurance and lifecycle 0 of 4
- Conformity assessment and certification, not covered
- Registration and notification, not covered
- Incident and breach reporting, not covered
- Post-market monitoring and corrective action, not covered
Rights and protected groups 0 of 4
- Automated decision-making rights, not covered
- Children and vulnerable groups, not covered
- Biometric identification and surveillance, not covered
- Whistleblowing, complaints and redress, not covered
Roles and organisation 6 of 6
Enforcement and sectors 1 of 5
- Enforcement, penalties and regulators, not covered
- Sector rules: health, not covered
- Sector rules: employment, not covered
- Sector rules: education, not covered
The full list of controls could not be loaded, so only the first 40 are shown.
Foreword | 1 control
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore commits to realizing the benefits of AI and creating opportunities while building a thriving ecosystem, developing workforce capabilities, providing infrastructure, and establishing a trusted environment.
| introduction 3 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should steer AI toward public good by harnessing it sustainably to create positive impact through new opportunities, better jobs, and safer connections.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should invest in AI, develop people and enterprises, and strengthen digital infrastructure to overcome labour and productivity challenges and participate in future industries.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should address risks from misuse and mismanagement of AI, including scams, cyberattacks, and disinformation, with particular attention to protecting vulnerable groups.
National AI strategy 2.0 | 3 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore commits to harnessing AI to serve the public interest, tackle global challenges such as population health and climate change, and ensure AI empowers people and businesses.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will develop selective concentrations of AI expertise to advance the discipline and create economic value.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will build AI competencies and confidence among individuals, businesses, and communities so they can participate and benefit in an AI-enabled future.
| national AI strategy 2.0 2 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will pursue its AI ambitions through three systems: mobilising industry, government and research capabilities; developing talent and workforce capabilities; and providing computing infrastructure and a trusted innovation environment.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will execute 15 actions across the three systems over the next 3-5 years and regularly update them in response to developments in AI.
| system 1: activity drivers 9 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should promote AI development in leading economic sectors such as manufacturing and financial services, and in smart nation priorities including healthcare and education.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should invest in cross-cutting areas including AI for business operations, AI for scientific research, and foundational AI themes focused on reasoning, resource-efficiency, and trustworthiness.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government agencies should accelerate AI adoption across sector-specific priority domains and whole-of-government functions like finance, human resources and service delivery to create new value for citizens and businesses.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should provide central funding, facilitate cross-agency data sharing, offer high-performance computing resources and engineering capabilities to support public sector AI adoption and scale up impactful use cases.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should develop and deliver targeted AI skills courses to public officers across different workforce segments including senior management, policy and operational roles.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should update its national AI research and development plans by selecting research priorities aligned with areas of excellence, fostering collaboration between academic and industry partners, recruiting talent, securing computing access and expanding international research partnerships.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will recruit leading AI researchers to work from and with the country.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will provide access to Graphics Processing Units and build infrastructure expertise for the research community.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will expand international research partnerships through joint grant calls, training programmes and conference participation.
| system 1: activity drivers enabler 1 2 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore's government will provide targeted subsidies, computing resources, skilled workers, and regulatory frameworks to enable companies to develop and deploy AI innovations across all layers of the technology stack.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore's government will initially adopt approaches tailored to individual sectors and practical use cases, prioritising leading economic sectors that are most prepared for AI-driven change.
System 1: activity drivers | 8 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will establish Centres of Excellence within leading technology companies and sophisticated users to deepen AI capabilities across the entire technology stack, including creating intellectual property and new offerings.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will explore creating sector-specific Centres of Excellence that work with industry leaders to identify use cases and involve a wider community of researchers and companies.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should strengthen the AI start-up ecosystem by attracting venture builders and accelerator programmes led by technology companies and venture capital firms.
- Applies to: OthersDrafted by the Index
Accelerator programmes should provide capital, technical expertise, infrastructure, and market networks to enable rapid AI experimentation and develop globally-oriented AI innovators.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should create and implement AI tools and solutions tailored to meet both broad and specialized public sector requirements.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should encourage public officers to develop confidence and competence in using AI-enabled products for improved service delivery.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should partner with industry and the public through structured innovation programmes such as ideathons and hackathons to discover AI applications and tackle operational difficulties.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
A public research institution should connect private firms with academic researchers and provide financial support up to S$330,000 per initiative to develop customized AI solutions addressing industry challenges.
| system 1: activity drivers enabler 2 1 control
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should harness AI to improve public service delivery and demonstrate AI transformation benefits to the broader economy.
System 1: activity drivers | enabler 3 1 control
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should build and sustain a strong research community of scientists and researchers to strengthen its AI ecosystem and secure a lasting competitive advantage in selected areas of AI.
System 2: people & communities | system 2 4 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should recruit and retain leading AI researchers and engineers from around the world to conduct advanced research and pioneer innovative applications.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should enlarge the workforce with technical expertise in building, deploying and operating AI systems, models, and algorithms across organizations.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should develop a user population across enterprises and the broader workforce that possesses the knowledge to leverage AI solutions effectively.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should promote knowledge exchange within its domestic AI community and internationally to enhance collaboration and the flow of ideas.
| system 2: people & communities enabler 4 2 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should broaden and diversify the group of AI researchers and developers working in and with the country to fuel advanced research and product development.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore should strengthen and expand the supply of skilled AI workers capable of converting research and innovation into operational products and services for industry.
System 2: people & communities | 10 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will establish a dedicated team to identify, engage, and integrate world-class AI researchers and industry experts into the local innovation ecosystem.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Singapore will develop and offer novel value propositions, including hybrid working arrangements, part-time appointments across sectors, and partnerships with international institutions to attract leading AI creators.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government will promote AI adoption across all enterprises by providing self-assessment tools and digital capabilities support.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government will support enterprises through programmes such as SMEs Go Digital and the Digital Leaders Programme to build digital and AI capabilities.
Change history
No changes recorded since we began monitoring this policy.