AI Basic Plan: Japan's Resurgence Through Trustworthy AI
Japan · Strategy · Cabinet of Japan
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Our summary
Japan's national strategy to accelerate AI development and adoption while managing risks through trustworthy AI. The plan applies to government, industry, and society to achieve the goal of becoming the world's most AI-development and AI-adoption-friendly country. It establishes three core principles - balancing innovation promotion with risk management, agile adaptation, and integrated domestic-international policy - and four basic approaches focusing on expanding AI use, strengthening development capacity, leading AI governance, and enabling societal transformation.
Written by the Index in our own words. It is not legal advice; the official text is the authority.
Inside this policy
Every section of this policy in order. Our notes summarise each one in plain language and do not quote the official text, which is the authority.
Drafted by the Index An automated summary of the official text, not yet reviewed by a person.Reviewed Checked by a person against the official text.
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～「世界で最もａｉを開発・活用しやすい国」を目指して～
Describes how AI is advancing rapidly worldwide across generative AI, autonomous agents, and physical AI, while Japan lags in development and investment despite facing major social challenges from population decline and labor shortages. Sets Japan's goal to pursue trustworthy AI innovation to become the world's most AI-friendly nation for development and application, balancing both innovation promotion and risk management.
第２章 ａｉ関連技術の研究開発及び活用の推進に関する施策についての基本的な方針
Establishes three core principles for AI policy: balancing innovation with risk response through agile approaches, and coordinating domestic and international policies. Defines four basic policy directions: accelerating AI use, strategically strengthening development capacity, leading AI governance, and promoting continuous social transformation toward human-AI collaboration.
第１節 ａｉ利活用の加速的推進
Promotes active AI use across Japanese society by overcoming understanding gaps and implementing AI in government, local authorities, and sectors addressing social challenges like labor shortages and disaster prevention. Encourages data sharing across organizations while ensuring data security, and supports removing outdated regulations to enable broader AI deployment.
第２節 ａｉ開発力の戦略的強化
Builds Japan's autonomous AI development capability by constructing a complete domestic AI ecosystem from data infrastructure to applications. Emphasizes physical AI, AI for scientific research, and trustworthy models using high-quality Japanese data; strengthens computational and semiconductor infrastructure; and attracts top talent while maintaining national sovereignty and security.
第３節 ａｉガバナンスの主導
Establishes governance frameworks to ensure AI safety and appropriate use through technical evaluation and risk assessment, substantially expanding the AI Safety Institute to benchmark-level capacity. Leads international cooperation including the Hiroshima AI Process and GPAI initiatives, addresses AI-enabled attacks and misinformation, and supports diverse trustworthy AI ecosystems globally.
第４節 ａｉ社会に向けた継続的変革
Implements structural reforms to enable human-AI collaboration through education, reskilling, and institutional changes. Develops AI talent across all levels from primary education to advanced researchers; supports inclusive growth and prevents digital divides; addresses employment impacts; and cultivates human capabilities including creativity and adaptability that AI cannot replace.
第１節 基本計画の推進体制及びフォローアップ
Establishes governance structure with the Prime Minister-led AI Strategy Headquarters and coordination councils of relevant ministries to implement the plan with effective follow-up. Sets appropriate benchmarks and conducts monitoring; seeks expert input through specialized advisory bodies; and ensures inter-ministry coordination and information sharing.
第２節 基本計画の変更
Allows for annual changes to the plan recognizing rapid AI technological advancement and evolving social conditions. Incorporates expert opinions through specialized advisory bodies and coordinates with academia and industry to reflect the latest technology trends.
第３節 他の計画等との連携
Aligns implementation of this plan with other government strategies including the Science, Technology and Innovation Basic Plan and the Digital Society Formation Priority Plan to ensure coordination and consistency across related policies.
Controls
What this policy requires, forbids, grants or penalises, one control at a time and in our own words. Each control links to the official text, which is the authority. This is not legal advice.
Drafted by the Index Drafted automatically from the official text, not yet reviewed by a person.Reviewed Checked by a person against the official text.
Themes covered 16 of 35
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Risk and scope 2 of 4
- Risk classification, not covered
- Impact assessment, not covered
Data and privacy 1 of 4
- Data subject rights and consent, not covered
- Cross-border data transfer, not covered
- Copyright and training data, not covered
Transparency and records 2 of 4
- Technical documentation, not covered
- Record keeping and logging, not covered
Technical safeguards 4 of 4
Assurance and lifecycle 1 of 4
- Registration and notification, not covered
- Incident and breach reporting, not covered
- Post-market monitoring and corrective action, not covered
Rights and protected groups 0 of 4
- Automated decision-making rights, not covered
- Children and vulnerable groups, not covered
- Biometric identification and surveillance, not covered
- Whistleblowing, complaints and redress, not covered
Roles and organisation 4 of 6
- Supply chain and provider-deployer duties, not covered
- Innovation support and sandboxes, not covered
Enforcement and sectors 2 of 5
- Enforcement, penalties and regulators, not covered
- Sector rules: health, not covered
- Sector rules: finance and insurance, not covered
The full list of controls could not be loaded, so only the first 39 are shown.
第２章 ａｉ関連技術の研究開発及び活用の推進に関する施策についての基本的な方針 6 controls
- ObligationApplies to: AnyoneDrafted by the Index
Government and private organizations should promote AI research, development and use while balancing innovation with appropriate risk response.
- ObligationApplies to: AnyoneDrafted by the Index
Government and private organizations should respond to changing risks through continuous planning, implementation, evaluation and improvement cycles.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should coordinate domestic policy with international policy to establish Japan as a hub for diverse AI innovation.
- ObligationApplies to: AnyoneDrafted by the Index
Organizations across Japanese society should actively use state-of-the-art AI technologies while implementing appropriate risk controls to drive new innovation.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should lead the construction of international AI governance structures to ensure proper AI use and technological innovation across borders.
- ObligationApplies to: AnyoneDrafted by the Index
Organizations should support continuous social transformation to enable humans and AI to work together while upgrading workforce capability for an AI society.
第１節 ａｉ利活用の加速的推進 8 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government agencies should lead by adopting generative AI and similar technologies in their operations to improve work quality.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Senior government officials should demonstrate and promote active use of AI technologies within their organizations.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should establish conditions enabling local authorities to deploy AI systems widely despite budget constraints and resource limitations.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should support AI use in fields addressing labor shortages, disaster prevention, infrastructure safety and security technology advancement.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should review and reform existing regulations and institutional frameworks to enable broader AI deployment supporting economic growth and quality of life.
- ObligationApplies to: AnyoneDrafted by the Index
Organizations should promote data collection, sharing and use across organizational boundaries while protecting trade secrets and data security.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should prepare government and related agency data in machine-readable formats suitable for AI use.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should construct data platforms leveraging high-quality data from healthcare, education, agriculture and other sectors while protecting business confidentiality.
第２節 ａｉ開発力の戦略的強化 8 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Japan should develop an independent capacity to research, develop and operate AI systems, building a complete domestic AI ecosystem encompassing data, infrastructure, foundation models and applications.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should pursue international expansion of AI infrastructure and industry while maintaining Japan's sovereignty and security.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should conduct research and development on energy-efficient AI foundation models and related systems.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should actively recruit top talent from Japan and abroad to strengthen domestic AI development capacity.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should conduct basic research in AI and establish cycles linking development with practical deployment to create skilled AI professionals.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should prioritize physical AI development, including autonomous robots and advanced autonomous vehicles, AI for scientific research, and diverse service models combining AI with applications.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should prepare and develop trustworthy AI taking into account Japan's security, culture and customs, including high-quality Japanese language datasets and evaluation frameworks.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Japan should establish itself as a hub for trustworthy AI development, building reliable AI ecosystems including open-source and open-weight models and leading international collaboration networks.
第３節 ａｉガバナンスの主導 8 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must build a Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle at each stage of AI development, demonstration, evaluation and operation to ensure appropriateness.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must substantially strengthen the AI Safety Institute to approximately twice its current staffing level, benchmarked to the scale of the UK AI Security Institute, in order to evaluate AI models technically.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must take appropriate measures, including organizational changes, to ensure AI safety and respond to AI-enabled cyberattacks as emerging cybersecurity challenges.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must ensure accountability to the public and preserve administrative credibility when using AI by clarifying the grounds for decisions.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must investigate and research problems such as deepfakes and malicious use of AI under AI law article 16 and take appropriate risk response measures.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must prepare guidelines and other guidance under AI law article 13 to promote voluntary appropriate practices by businesses and support smooth and proper AI use in administration.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government must lead international cooperation on AI governance through the Hiroshima AI Process and international frameworks like the AISI network.
- Applies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
Government should support development of technologies to detect AI-generated content and control systems, and research on misinformation and deepfakes created through generative AI.
第４節 ａｉ社会に向けた継続的変革 8 controls
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should promote industrial restructuring centred on AI while enabling inclusive growth across all regions and preventing digital divides.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should continuously review and reform institutions and social systems to enable human-AI collaboration.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should analyse employment impacts of AI, including changes to industry structure and job types, and continuously implement education and reskilling support so all generations adapt to new ways of working.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should lead efforts to develop and secure AI talent across all levels, from foundational knowledge in primary and secondary education to advanced researchers and specialists.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should cultivate human capabilities including creativity, reasoning, judgment, adaptability and communication so people maintain their human value in an AI society.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should prevent inequality and exclusion from AI advances and ensure no one is left behind in an AI society.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should examine how people and AI can collaborate effectively, explore appropriate role divisions between humans and AI, and foster environments where people express their human value rather than depending on or being replaced by AI.
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should develop and promote education suited to the AI era, including liberal arts education, that teaches people to leverage their human strengths while solving problems alongside AI.
第３節 他の計画等との連携 1 control
- ObligationApplies to: Public authorityDrafted by the Index
The government should coordinate implementation of this plan with other related government strategies, including the Science, Technology and Innovation Basic Plan and the Digital Society Formation Priority Plan, to ensure alignment and consistency.
Change history
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