Lawyer includes eight AI-generated fake court citations in Navarra appeal
A lawyer in Spain's Navarra region submitted an appeal in October 2025 containing eight court citations that were fabricated by an AI system. The Navarra Superior Court's Social Chamber archived the disciplinary case after the lawyer apologized and attributed the error to failure to review the AI-generated text.
What happened
A lawyer in Navarra included eight invented citations to court decisions in an appeal submitted in October 2025. The fabricated citations were attributed to the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, Navarra Superior Court, and Madrid Superior Court, and were generated using artificial intelligence.
Reported impact
The Navarra court warned that fraudulent use of artificial intelligence in legal proceedings is sanctionable as procedural bad faith.
Governance controls
After being discovered, the lawyer apologized and stated she had acted without bad intent, attributing the error to lack of review of the AI output. The Social Chamber of the Navarra Superior Court archived the disciplinary proposal.
Classification
Sources and evidence
Sources not yet published
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